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Also called: split ends · brittle hair · hair fragility
Hair breakage refers to fracture of the hair shaft mid-length rather than loss at the root. Frequent causes include chemical processing, heat styling, mechanical trauma, and nutritional deficiencies that weaken the cortex.
Hair strength derives primarily from the cortex - long parallel chains of keratin filaments held together by disulphide bonds and hydrogen bonds in a matrix. Chemical relaxers, bleach, and heat above 180°C denature the protein structure and disrupt disulphide bonds, creating fracture points. Trichotillomania (compulsive hair pulling) and traction also cause mid-shaft breakage.
Among the most common cosmetic hair complaints, particularly in women using chemical straighteners or daily heat styling.
Tests are performed by a qualified dermatologist or trichologist after clinical assessment.
Hydrolysed keratin and amino acid complex fills cortical gaps, reducing fracture susceptibility.
Penetrating protein treatment restores tensile strength to over-processed strands.
Silicone or argan oil-based protectant reduces heat transmission to the cortex.
Reduces friction-induced mechanical breakage during drying and detangling.
Timeline: New growth from the root will be healthy once the cause is addressed. Existing damage cannot be repaired - trimming and protective care minimise spread while growth occurs.
See a dermatologist if breakage is sudden, generalised, and disproportionate to styling history - it may indicate a nutritional deficiency, thyroid condition, or rare structural hair disease.
“The single most common question I hear from patients with breakage is "why is my hair growing so slowly?" - they're often losing as much from breakage as they're growing. Addressing breakage can appear to dramatically increase growth rate without any change to the anagen cycle.”
Last reviewed March 2025. This page is clinical reference, not a diagnosis. Only an in-person assessment can tell you which condition you have.
A dermatologist can tell you in one visit. The consultation is free.
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